SPATIAL ANALYSIS
Definitions
methods applied to spatial data that:A collaboration between the computer and the human mindadd value
support decisions
reveal patterns and anomalies that are not immediately obvious
turning raw data into informationways in which the sender tries to inform the receiver by:
adding greater informative content and valuemethods whose results depend on the locations of objects
revealing things the receiver might not otherwise seeare not invariant under relocationrotation, translation, scaling, inversion, ...
are maps "mere"?The Snow map
Dr SnowThe Openshaw map
the pump
Types of spatial analysis
the Tomlin schemeA six-way schemelocalprospects for vector data
focal
global
zonal
queries and reasoningQueries and reasoningmeasurements
transformations
descriptive summaries
optimization
hypothesis testing
real-time answers to simple questionsbased on alternative views
catalog view
Measurementsmap viewother views:scatterplotlinked views
histogramESDA
area, centroidTransformationsdistance, length
slope, aspect
bufferingpoint in polygon
polygon overlay
field case
object casevector case
raster caseslivers
| Acres | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1+2+5 | 1+2+3+5 | 1+2+3+4+5 |
| 0-1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2640 | 27566 | 77346 |
| 1-5 | 0 | 165 | 182 | 131 | 31 | 2195 | 7521 | 7330 |
| 5-10 | 5 | 498 | 515 | 408 | 10 | 1421 | 2108 | 2201 |
| 10-25 | 1 | 784 | 775 | 688 | 38 | 1590 | 2106 | 2129 |
| 25-50 | 4 | 353 | 373 | 382 | 61 | 801 | 853 | 827 |
| 50-100 | 9 | 238 | 249 | 232 | 64 | 462 | 462 | 413 |
| 100-200 | 12 | 155 | 152 | 158 | 72 | 248 | 208 | 197 |
| 200-500 | 21 | 71 | 83 | 89 | 92 | 133 | 105 | 99 |
| 500-1000 | 9 | 32 | 31 | 33 | 56 | 39 | 34 | 34 |
| 1000-5000 | 19 | 25 | 27 | 21 | 50 | 27 | 24 | 22 |
| >5000 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals | 88 | 2327 | 2394 | 2149 | 487 | 9558 | 39188 | 90599 |
spatial interpolationDescriptive summariesIDWdensity estimation
bilinear interpolation
kriging
centersOptimizationcentroiddispersion
bivariate median
medianproperties
minimizinghistograms and pie charts
spatial dependenc
fragmentation and fractal dimension
point locationHypothesis testing
samples drawn randomly and independently from a larger population
what is the population?randomly and independently?
can I conceive of a larger population that I want to make inferences about?discard data until independence holdsare my data acceptable as a random and independent sample of that population?
abandon inferential tests
